Graves’ disease is an autoimmune condition that can cause the hormone levels in a body to fluctuate, causing hyperthyroidism. Too much thyroid hormone in the system will affect heart rate and metabolism, as well as other organs including the heart and bones. There are treatments available.
Despite being the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, accounting for 60% to 80% of cases, Graves' disease is a rather rare disorder. A little more than 1.2% of Indians have hyperthyroidism.
The thyroid hormone has an impact on a variety of biological systems and processes. Graves' disease/hyperthyroidism (high thyroid hormone) consequently affects many parts of the body, including your:
For instance, osteoporosis, a rapid heartbeat, and more serious cardiac problems might arise from an overabundance of thyroid hormone (weakened bones).
It's crucial to get medical treatment for Graves' Disease because it has a negative impact on many different elements of your health.
Antibodies are proteins that your immune system typically makes to defend against foreign invaders like viruses and bacteria.
However, if you have an autoimmune condition like Graves' disease, your immune system starts to battle your body's healthy tissues and cells.
Your immune system wrongly creates thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins when you have Graves' disease rather than antibodies to specifically target an invader. These antibodies then go for the healthy thyroid cells in your own body.
Scientists are aware that the capacity to produce antibodies against one's own healthy cells can be inherited. However, neither the cause nor the prognosis of Graves' disease have been established.
The development of it may be influenced by both your genes and a virus or other external trigger, according to experts.
The signs and symptoms of Graves' disease typically appear gradually over a period of weeks or months.
Hyperthyroidism, which is brought on by Graves' disease, accelerates some bodily processes. The signs of hyperthyroidism are numerous. You might experience some of these symptoms all at once while not experiencing others.
Hyperthyroidism symptoms can include:
Visit your healthcare practitioner if you have these symptoms.
Other signs of eye disease that may be brought on by Graves' disease include:
This condition is referred to as thyroid eye disease, orbitopathy, or Graves' ophthalmopathy. Only approximately a third of Graves' disease sufferers have this condition. See your eye doctor as soon as possible if you have any of these symptoms (optometrist or ophthalmologist).
Pretibial myxedema, sometimes referred to as Graves' dermopathy, is an uncommon thickening of the skin on the shins that is lumpy and reddish. Even while it's mostly mild and unharmful, some people could feel pain.
Your medical professional will conduct a physical examination and inquire about your symptoms, medical history, including any family members who have had thyroid Disease. In order to confirm the diagnosis of Graves' Disease, they may also request the following tests:
Graves' disease is a chronic (lifelong) Disease. Treatments, however, can help you maintain normal thyroid hormone levels. The condition might potentially temporarily disappear with medical treatment (remission).
Treatments for Graves’ disease include:
Surgery, radioiodine therapy, and antithyroid medications all have advantages and disadvantages, and the medical community is divided on the optimal course of action. It's critical to have a detailed discussion with your provider about all three options in order to make the best choice for you.
A small percentage of all Graves' disease patients will develop thyroid eye disease, which causes the muscles and tissues in your eyes to swell. Even though it's uncommon, this can lead to exophthalmos, a condition in which your eyes bulge from their sockets, and is seen as a sign of Graves' Disease. The severity of your Graves' Disease has little to do with whether you have this consequence, though. In fact, it's unclear whether these visual issues are caused by Graves' Disease specifically or by a completely other but closely related disorder. Your eyes may hurt, feel dry, and inflamed if you have thyroid eye disease. Because the eyelids can't adequately shield them, protruding eyeballs are more likely to experience significant tearing and redness.
Swollen eye muscles in severe exophthalmos cases, which are uncommon, can place a great deal of pressure on the optic nerve and perhaps cause partial blindness. Long-term inflammation can weaken eye muscles to the point where they are unable to control movement, leading to double vision.
Skin complications
Pretibial myxedema, often known as Graves' dermopathy, is a rare skin condition that can affect some Graves' disease patients. The skin on the shins has thickened in a lumpy, reddish pattern. It normally causes no pain and is not dangerous. Similar to exophthalmos, this problem doesn't always start when Graves' Disease begins and has nothing eye do with how serious your disease is.
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