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World Stroke Day was established in 2004 at the World Stroke Congress. This is when the International Stroke Society and the World Stroke Federation merged to form the World Stroke Organisation. After this, WSO took over the management of World Stroke Day. Since then, it has been observed on the 29th of October every year.
What is a Brain Stroke?
Also known as a brain attack, a stroke is a medical emergency that occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or reduced for some reason. This interrupts the supply of oxygen and other nutrients to the brain tissue, causing brain cells to die. A blockage in the blood supply to the brain is one of the most common reasons for a brain stroke. When a blockage completely stops the blood supply to the base of the brain, it is known as a brainstem stroke. It is something that can result in brain damage and a lot of other complications, so it has to be immediately acted upon.
Types of Brain Stroke
There are three main types of brain stroke:
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is also known as a mini-stroke as it only occurs for a short time. This type of stroke occurs when the blood flow to an individual’s brain is blocked temporarily. The symptoms of this brain stroke are not very much different from those of a full stroke, but they disappear in 10-20 minutes. Although a mini-stroke does not last more than a few minutes, it should not be taken lightly. It is a warning sign that indicates an underlying issue. If an individual experiences a transient ischemic attack, it means they need immediate medical attention to avoid any complications.
Ischemic Stroke
When there is a blockage in the arteries supplying blood to the brain, the blood flow is reduced causing an ischemic stroke. It is one of the most common types of brain stroke and the reason for this blockage can be anything such as blood clots or other debris that travels through the bloodstream.
Hemorrhagic Stroke
A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures and starts bleeding. The accumulation of blood creates excess pressure and results in swelling in the brain and damaged brain cells and tissues. A hemorrhagic stroke is further divided into two categories: subarachnoid and intra-cerebral stroke.
Symptoms of Brain Stroke
Common symptoms of a brain attack include:
- Trouble in speaking and understanding others
- Confusion
- Paralysis or numbness in the face, arm or leg
- Vision problems
- Headache
- Vomiting
- Dizziness
- Trouble walking
- Loss of balance
Causes of Brain Stroke
There are several causes of brain stroke, but a few factors make an individual more susceptible to this condition. Some of them are:
- Age
- High blood pressure
- Diabetes
- Obesity
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Certain medicines
- Smoking
- Tobacco
- Alcohol
Preventing Brain Stroke
Brain stroke prevention is possible by making some lifestyle changes, such as:
- Consuming a healthy diet
- Keeping the blood pressure and sugar levels in check
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Getting an ample amount of physical activity
- Quitting smoking
- Cutting down on tobacco and alcohol
Other than these, it is also important to get a regular full body health checkup done to avoid any such issues. One can ensure to include important tests such as lipid profile test, cholesterol test, cardiac screen test, etc. as these tests help in determining any underlying issues.
Treatment of Brain Stroke
If an individual experiences any symptoms that indicate a brain stroke, it is important to consult a healthcare provider immediately. They will be able to diagnose the issue and suggest an appropriate brain stroke treatment plan depending on the type of condition and its severity. The time required for recovery from a brain stroke also depends on the type of stroke and a few other factors.
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